which once used to embellish the attire of the Kings and the royals in India. It was also used to adorn walls of the royal tents, scabbards, wall hangings and the paraphernalia of regal elephants and horses. Zardozi embroidery work involves making elaborate designs, using gold and silver threads. Further adding to the magnificence of the work are the studded pearls and precious stones. Zardosi embroidery has been in existence in India from the time of the Rig Veda. There are numerous instances mentioning the use of zari embroidery as ornamentation on the attire of gods. Initially, the embroidery was done with pure silver wires and real gold leaves. However, today, craftsmen make use of a combination of copper wire, with a golden or silver polish, and a silk thread. This is because there is hardly any availability of gold/silver on such a large scale as before. Main Center of Zardozi Embroidery in India Zardosi embroidery work is mainly a specialty of Lucknow, Bhopal, Hyderabad, Delhi, Agra, Kashmir, Mumbai, Ajmer and Chennai. History of Zardozi Embroidery in India The word 'Zardozi' is made up of two Persian terms, Zar meaning gold and Dozi meaning embroidery. A Persian embroidery form, Zardosi attained its summit in the 17th century, under the patronage of Mughal Emperor Akbar. Under the rule of Aurangzeb, the royal patronage stopped and this led to the decline of the craft. Since the cost was high and raw materials quite rare, craftsmen could not carry on with the embroidery on their own. Many craftsmen left Delhi and went to the courts of Rajasthan and Punjab in search of work. With the 18th and 19th century bringing industrialization, the craft suffered another setback. It was only after receiving independence in the year 1947 that the Indian government undertook steps to promote Zari embroidery. Method of Zardozi Embroidery The process of doing Zardozi embroidery starts with the craftsmen sitting cross-legged around the Addaa, the wooden framework, with their tools. The tools include curved hooks, needles, salmaa pieces (gold wires), sitaaras (metal stars), round-sequins, glass & plastic beads, dabkaa (thread) and kasab (thread). The second step in the process is to trace out the design on the cloth, if possible fabrics like silk, satin, velvet, etc. The fabric is then stretched over the wooden frame and the embroidery work begins. Needle is used to pull out each zardozi element and then, it is integrated into the basic design by pushing the needle into the fabric. Zari (or Jari) is an even thread traditionally made of fine gold or silver used in traditional Indian, Pakistani and Persian garments, especially as brocade in saris etc.[1] This thread is woven into fabrics, primarily made of silk to create intricate patterns. Traditional textile weaving in Iran (Persia) have long tradition of Zari, especially in Zardozi embroidery.[2] It is believed this tradition started during the Mughal era. Today, in most fabrics, zari is not made of real gold and silver, but has cotton or polyester yarn at its core, wrapped by golden/silver metallic yarn. Zari is the main material in most silk sarees and gharara. It is also used in other garments made of silk, like skirts, tops and vettis. Zari is basically a brocade of tinsel thread meant for weaving and embroidery.It is manufactured by winding or wrapping (covering) a flattened metallic strip made from pure gold, silver or slitted metallised polyester film, on a core yarn, usually of pure silk, art silk, viscose, cotton, nylon, polyester, P.P., mono/multi filament, wire, etc. Nowadays, it can broadly be divided into 3 types. 'REAL ZARI' made of pure gold & silver, 'IMITATION ZARI' made of silver electroplated (thinly) copper wire, and metallic zari made of slitted polyester metallised film. In ancient times, when precious metals were cheaply and easily available, only REAL ZARI threads were produced. Due to industrial revolution and invention of electroplating process, IMITATION ZARI came into existence to cut the cost of precious metals. As COPPER is the most malleable and ductile metal after Gold and Silver, silver electroplated copper wire replaced pure silver. Various modern colours and chemicals are used to create/impart a golden hue instead of pure Gold. The precious metals & copper too became dearer due to huge demand in various modern industries. Thus, a cheap & durable alternative was invented with non-tarnishing properties. METTALIC ZARI came into vogue replacing traditional metals like Gold, Silver & Copper. This ZARI is light in weight & more durable than earlier editions. Also, it had the most sought after properties of non-tarnishing & knot-free / knot-less. Surat in the state of Gujarat on the west coast of India is the world's largest producer of all types of ZARI & ZARI MADE-UPS namely Threads, Cantile, Laces, Ribbons, Borders, Trims, Fringes, Edges, cordonettes, Cords, etc. The art of ZARI making has been inherited from father to son since many centuries. It is recognised as one of the ancient Handicrafts by the Government of India. Women from different communities & artisans produce Zari & made-ups for weaving, embroidery, crocheting, braiding, etc. India has long been known for its gold thread, zari. Even in the Vedic age, zari is thought to have adorned the attire of gods, and has held therefore a distinguished place among Indian crafts. Historically, zari consisted of pure silver wires whose surface was fused with real gold leaves. This was known as kalabattu. Among the well-known products of the Indian zari industry besides gold and silver thread for weaving, zari kasab, are embroidery materials like sequins, spangles and purls of various kinds: chalak, champo, kinari, salma and badla. The enduring story of zari has been a result of the traditional skill of Indian craftsmen who have for centuries practiced the craft regardless of its material returns. To keep pace with current demand, zari craftsmen have successfully made the transition from traditional techniques to modern ones, while continuing to emphasize their self-reliance. Even today, all equipment used in zari manufacture, from start to finish, is locally fabricated and conditioned. This self-sufficiency makes the zari industry a unique one. Currently, real zari is made from flat silver wire that is electroplated with gold. Zari made from these precious metals is used for ceremonial sarees, richly embroidered apparel, furnishings, etc. Imitation zari, on the other hand, is made from copper wire. A third variety, plastic zari, is made from a chemically-coloured metallic yarn. More than 20 colours of zari are now produced, and there are varieties such as zari on glass, zari on wood etc.. There is a sizeable domestic market for zari threads and other metallic items. The principal Indian markets for zari products are Chennai, Mysore, Bangalore, Salem, Madurai, Kanchipuram, and Kumbakonam in the south; Jaipur, Delhi, Amritsar and Varanasi in the north; Kolkata in the east; and Mumbai and Nagpur in the west. The handloom and powerloom textile units are the principal users of the material. South India consumes the most zari in the form of gold and silver thread. Gold thread and embroidery materials like Badla, Zik, Tiki, Chalak, Salmo, lace, trimmings, textiles like Kinkhab and orhnis, and zari-embroidered purses and plaques, etc. are among the zari goods exported from Surat. The exported products are mainly used for Christmas decorations and as gift items such as Christmas trees, stars, various kinds of animals with zari-embroidered velvet cloth, and souvenirs of various kinds. The US, Canada and Europe are the chief markets for these products. Zari-embroidered cushion covers, table mats, sofa spreads, bedspreads, chair covers, wall hangings and bags are also exported to many countries in the Middle East. Most of the embroidery work is done in Jhansi, Jaipur, Bareilly, Farrukhabad and Kutch.
Rare Stunning, Vintage Delight----Exquisite wire embroidery work and Intricate work huge
throw pillow cover/ tapestry in traditional shades with beautiful floral design motifs,THIS ACTION IS FOR A BEAUTIFUL VINTAGE INDIAN PILLOW CASE ZARI/ZARDOZI WIRE EMBROIDERED IN SNOWFLAKES SIZE: 24" x 24" INCHES
1 PILLOW CASE
DRY CLEAN ONLY
IMPORTED FROM INDIAN
PILLOW INSERTS NOT INCLUDED
ALSO AVAILABLE IN MANY DIFFERENT COLORS AND SIZES
(CULTURAL INFO AT THE BOTTOM OF THE PAGE)
MATCHING TABLECLOTHS , TABLE RUNNERS, PLACEMATS & THROW COVERS ALSO AVAILABLE
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